Unemployment_Statis Example

Unemployment_Statis Example Unemployment_Statis – Assignment Example number Publish Interpreting Unemployment Statistics Unemployment may be ified using a number of different classifications including structural unemployment and cyclical unemployment. Structural unemployment comes about as the skills of the available labor do not match the skills required for the available jobs. Essentially in such a case labor is available but it is unable to fulfill the requirements of the available job positions. In contrast, cyclical unemployment results from the Keynesian stand point that economies tend to vary between high and low points. In such situations, when the economic equilibrium is disturbed such that the demand for labor is lower than the available labor, a cyclical unemployment situation is created. There is the possibility that structural unemployment may come about as a result of prolonged cyclical unemployment (OSullivan and Sheffrin). Following the recent global economic crisis, various economists in the United States are blaming structural and cyclical unemployment for current economic woes. Calabrese suggests that unemployment is still out of control in the United States even though the gross domestic product (GDP) is picking up. Unemployment is proposed as being structural in nature though the data presented by Calabrese is not consistent with this proposition. Figure 1 - Unemployment and Labor Trends sourced from (Calabrese) In order to classify the labor and unemployment situation as being structural in nature, it is essential that available labor and demand for labor are segregated into occupational specialties before comparison. Structural comparisons require that demand and supply of labor be looked into detail to see the actual gap between demand and supply. In contrast, the graph above presented by Calabrese to support his proposition does not provide such classifications. Instead, Calabrese’s work merely provides the demand and supply gap for general labor in the United States which fails to prove anything. Cyclical unemployment can turn into structural unemployment over a sizable amount of time such as during the seventies and eighties under Margaret Thatcher’s government in Great Britain (OSullivan and Sheffrin). If Calabrese’s assumption was tested in this regard, it would become clear that there are large gaps in labor supply and demand. Gaps in labor demand and supply are amplified in the post 2002 period to reach a localized peak in late 2003. The gap tends to shrink up to 2007. This gap emerges sharply in the post 2008 period and persists well into 2010 where some slowdown occurs. The total data presented by Calabrese is for around a decade with localized peaks and troughs which fail to meet the criteria for cyclical unemployment to transform into structural unemployment. In the case presented above, if cyclical unemployment were to transform into structural unemployment, it would require the labor demand and supply gap to widen consistently over the entire period o f time being presented. The presence of little data (between 2008 and 2010) signifies that cyclical unemployment is in its infancy as yet and cannot be classified for transformation into structural unemployment as yet. Overall, the data presented by Calabrese to support his argument is irrelevant to the overall argument being made. References Calabrese, Anthony. Data Show Wide Gap Between Numbers of Jobs and the Jobless. 12 August 2010. 26 October 2012 . OSullivan, Arthur and Steven M. Sheffrin. Economics: Principles in Action. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2003.

8 Ways to Spot the Office Liar

8 Ways to Spot the Office Liar Let’s face it: one of the most useful skills you can develop in your career is knowing when someone is lying to you. Being your own personal polygraph may not be a hard skill you can list on your rà ©sumà ©, but it can help you navigate the sometimes shark-infested waters of the workplace. Here are some ways you can tell if someone is lying to you.1. They talk too much.They overcompensate by giving too many details, like they’re trying to shovel information on top of information.2. There’s a long pause before answering.â€Å"Please hold while I come up with a story/explanation/diversion!†3. They hide their mouth or eyes.The person is literally trying to cover up what they’re communicating, consciously or not.4. They try to justify stretching things.â€Å"What is truth, really?†5. They fidget with hair, clothes, glasses- anything to shift focus.6. Their breathing changes.When people are being dishonest, their breathing often gets faster and more shallow, due to stress and increased heart rate.7. They repeat words and phrases a lot.It could be either a stalling technique, or an attempt to reinforce what they’re saying by drilling it into you.8. They stand a little too still.If the person isn’t moving casually, a tense stance could indicate that the person is steeling for a confrontation.Now that you know how to figure out if people may be less-than-honest with you, go forth and spot the lying liars.

South Korea Market Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

South Korea Market - Assignment Example Through planning, direct or indirect ownership and control of enterprises and financial institutions, regulation of foreign exchange, and implementation of appropriate monetary and fiscal policies, the Government played a crucial role in making market adjustments and maximizing incentives. This was aimed at pursuing the fulfillment of its desired economic, social, political, and cultural objectives. However, economic success, the increase in complexity of the economy, the emergence of a more democratic and pluralistic society, and increasing international competitiveness were crucial factors in bringing about a decline in governments’ role in the South Korean economy. The reformist thrust of government economic policy, realized in the 1980s, was underlined by the renowned emphasis on the need for greater efficiency in the economy. In addition, it improved labor productivity and enhanced competitiveness in order to meet the demands of globalization. The admission of South Korea , in December 1996, to membership of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) was another watershed, which heightened the importance of economic reform, which is a step away from negativity – the Asian financial crisis, which highlighted long-standing structural weaknesses in the South Korean economy (Paik 69). Demographic Information of South Korea South Korea is, in fact, regarded as one of the world’s most densely populated countries, with 440 people per square kilometer. However, most people are concentrated in the major cities (Lie 16). The principal cities in South Korea include Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Ulsan, and Incheon. In these four cities, the population density is about two-thirds of the whole population of South Korea (Caselli 129). The country’s capital city is Seoul. It covers about 12% of the total country’s area. Like the other cities, it is home to approximately 45% of the country’s population; as such, the 3r d largest and populated urban center in the world. Current statistics show that more than 50% of the immigrants are moving to the capital city. Indeed, it has been speculated that about 55% of the national population will be living in the capital city. South Korea is officially recognized as the Republic of Korea with an area of 99,268 km2. According to information published by the World Bank, the total population is 48.747 million by 2009. Figure I. Republic of South Korea (Source: U.S. Department par. 1) The official language in the region is Korean, and it is closely related to Mongolian and Japanese. Although there is a clear difference in grammar with the Chinese language, a large number of the Chinese cognates still exist in the Korean language. Modern Korean articulates to hangul—a phonetic writing system—in their writings. The country borders North Korea on its Northern part. The country is also surrounded by a mass of water encompassing the Sea of Japan and th e Yellow Sea. It is separated from Japan by the Sea of Japan (Paik 77). Korea’s ethnical group has been regarded as the most linguistically homogenous in the whole world. The region is occupied by Koreans, however, about 20,000 people of Chinese descendants occupy some parts of the country. Indeed, all Koreans have a common linguistic and cultural heritage. The South Korean political system is based on the Republican form of governance. The President is the Head of State, and the Prime Minister acts as the Head of Government. The power is shared between the legislature, executive, and judiciary. Currently, the South Korean president is Lee Myung-bak, while the Prime Minister is Han Seung-soo.

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 9

Research Paper Example Often, online reviews and responses are invaluable promotional resources for most companies. Streitfeld, 2013, addresses serious questions on the credibility of promotional strategies applied by companies based on online review rankings. The article addresses most pertinent issues to online marketing and promotions based on review ratings. First, it addresses challenges of an increase in online retail purchases prompted by increase in cases of industry of fibbers and promoters focused on buying and selling raves for a pittance. Streitfeld, 2013, maintains that there increasing instances of falsified online reviews to help companies promote their goods and services. High necessity for positive reviews by businesses and companies rendered the review system a struggle of superiority because no corporation accepts low ratings. The article highlights challenges of a high demand for positive reviews by businesses and companies as a struggle of supremacy in which every enterprise intends to ensure favorable competition. Streitfeld, 2013, uses an example of Sandra Parker, who served under contract by a company to fabricate Amazon reviews for $10 each. Parker’s role was to neutralize the effects of insincere reviews posted by customers for various companies to with favor and expand market dominance. According to Streitfeld, 2013, reviews lose meaning if illegitimate reviews get the same prevalence similar to those that are honest. The algorithm was successful because it was possible to distinguish honest reviews and fake reviews. According to the algorithm, false reviews are narratives addressing their experience at the firm using many superlatives without a vivid description of the facts. There is a high prevalence in the use of illegitimate and misleading reviews on company or business websites. Consequently, it is misleading for consumers and influences their product choice. Relevant regulations should be in place to regulate misleading reviews set

Clarkson Lumber Company Pro Forma Statement Essay Example for Free

Clarkson Lumber Company Pro Forma Statement Essay Assumptions. We build pro-forma statement mostly based on the assumptions given in the case. Other assumptions are following. At first, we assume that the tax rate is an average of tax rates for the past three years which is 20. 1%. We use this tax rate to calculate the provision for income taxes for following years. Next assumption is that we take Mr. Dadges approximation for the initial rate as the interest rate, 11%. Since Mr. Clarkson finished payment to Mr. Holtz in 1995, we assume that only the bank loan to Suburban National Bank and Northrup National Bank are the interest-bearing liabilities for 1996 through 1999. For account payable period, we calculated two numbers, 53. 62 days for 1995 and 54. 86 for the first quarter of 1996. We used the payable period for 1995 to calculate the accounts payables for the forecasted years because, as mentioned in the case, Mr. Clarksons business has some seasonality so hat the payable period for the only first quarter of 1996 would not fully reflect for a whole year. We decided not to include 2% discounts for early payment to the suppliers on our income statement because of the payable period. We also assume that Mr. Clarkson issued no new equities and paid no dividends during the forecasted years. Only source of the change in the net worth is the net income for the same period. New credit line. The new credit line of $750,000 would be sufficient only for 1996 and 1997. The bank loan would exceed the credit line to 858,000 and 1,109,000 for 1998 and 1999, according to our pro forma statement. Without the approval of the bank, Mr. Clarkson would not be able to expand his business at the current growth rate after 1998. With the assumption of sales growth rate of 25%, the external financing required has become double from $493,000 in 1996 to $1,109,000 in 1999. Since the new credit line is fixed at $750,000, Mr. Clarkson would have to find other ways of financing the operation such as issuing new equity.

Analysis On Racism In Huck Finn Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In July of 1876, a man by the name of Samuel Clemens began writing one of the most important and influential works in America’s literary history. Under the pseudonym of Mark Twain, the work was begun as a sequel to Twain’s popular boy’s adventure novel, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. As he progressed in the writing of the sequel, Twain, an author already noted for his humor, cynicism, and American social criticism, began to lean away from strictly the boy’s adventure style towards a more serious, critical look at society. By the time Twain had finished writing the novel in 1884, eight years after it was begun, he had produced The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, his greatest work and possibly on of the greatest works of American literature. With The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Twain attempted to illustrate his contempt for certain aspects of specifically pre-Civil War Southern society through the eyes of the innocent Huck Finn. Howeve r, his focus was not entirely on pre-War Southern society, for criticism of aspects of modern society as a whole was evident, as well as on aspects of human nature. Although Twain had essential produced a superficial boy’s adventure novel, it’s very themes are not characteristic of such a genre. The themes that are developed throughout the novel include that of hypocrisy, racism, violence, and gullibility. These four themes represent the elements of pre-War Southern society that bear Twain’s main criticisms throughout the pages of the novel. Specifically, much of Twain’s critical focus landed upon the theme of racism. Racism, in all of its ignorance and crudeness, is present in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, from the Widow Douglas and Miss Watson’s attempt to â€Å"sivilize† Huck to Tom Sawyer’s startling acclamation that Jim was already free. Huck is confronted with example after example of Southern society’s innate racis m, some of which Huck too has inherited. As Jim and Huck journey down the mighty Mississippi, Huck begins to lose those inborn racist sentiments in his through his uninfluenced life with Jim. By closely developing the theme of racism through Huck’s internal struggle with reality and with society’s reality, Twain attempts to illustrate his contempt for the outright injustice of one of society’s most disturbing and irrational aspects.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As the novel b... ...probes deeper into Jim’s despair, he discovers that Jim feels wholeheartedly guilty about an incident that occurred in his relationship with his deaf and dumb daughter. Jim’s great display of emotion surprises Huck, for he has inherited the belief that a black man is not capable of such a degree of emotion. â€Å"He was thinking about his wife and his children, away up yonder, and he was low and homesick; because he hadn’t ever been away from home before in his life; and I do believe that he cared just as much for his people as white folks does their’n. It don’t seem natural, but I reckon it’s so.† (Twain 23) Society’s belief that the black race was inferior to the white race in every way, including emotion, is illustrated in this sentence. Huck’s surprise that Jim loves his family just as much as white people do is simply a belief that he has inherited from civilized society. Twain demonstrates the inherent racial prejudice of pre-Civil War Southern society in a satirical manner. The notion that black people do not care for the families as much as white people care for theirs seems utterly ridiculous to the reader. However, in the South, this notion was commonplace and accepted.

Mouldy Bread

I. Abstract This experiment was run to see how fast molds grow on bread in 3 different dry location, such as indoor room, fridge and freezer. The samples in a plastic container at room temperature showed mold in fewer days than the samples that kept in low temperature place as fridge and freezer. I think that this is because it was a better environment for the molds to grow. The breads that is kept cool will last longer on the plate than bread in normal room temperature. II. Introduction The purpose of the experiment was to know in what conditions the mold most grow and how fast.I thought that this would help people to find the best place to store the bread so that it would stay fresh and last longer. I also was curious about which factors do most affect the mold’s growth. I learned from my food science subject that mold is a tiny spores in the air that fall into damp food especially bread and grow by producing chemicals that root down the food, which also causes a bad taste f or the food. If you look under a high power compound light microscope, you can see these microscopic look like threads that seem to be spread out thickly on the bread.Bread mold is found in many different types, shapes and colours. The most common bread molds are Penicillium and Aspergillus family. Penicillium and Aspergillus molds usually appear to be similar with spherical shape, also green and grey in colour, but both are different. Aspergillus mold have fine hairs that contain large balloons with spores inside. Some molds cause allergic reactions and respiratory problems. And a few molds such as Aspergillus produce mycotoxins, poisonous substances that can make us sick.The molds can be controlled by many different factors, such as the temperature, Ph (acidity and bases range), and the moisture. The optimum temperature for molds growth is around 20 – 35 oC and terminated at 100oC. The Ph range for growth is around 2 (acid) to 8. 5 (base), which means that it is extremely h ard to control its acidity. They also need moist ground to grow on the surface, but it depends on how much free water particles inside which will changed into solid when the temperature reach 0o C. I have oticed that food left on the counter in the summer molds faster than food left out in the winter, this is the proof that mold likes warm environment. I also found out that the mold grows on the bread even in the dry place, which means that mold just need a very low moisture. My hypothesis is that the bread inside room temperature will grow faster than other samples that inside the refrigerator, because the amount of free water molecules will be decreased or even become solid. III. Materials * 3 slice of Wonder Whole Meal ( White loaf bread ) * 2 Plastic plates 1 Plastic container * 1 Fridge * 1 Freezer * 1 Eye dropper * Water IV. Methods 1. Take out the bread of the package 2. Place one piece on each plastic plates and plastic container 3. Labeled the plastic plates ( B and C ) and the plastic container (A) 4. Take 30 ml amount of water into the eye dropper 5. Drop every 5 drops into each samples, once a day 6. Seal the plastic container 7. Place the plastic container on the counter 8. Put the other plates inside the fridge and freezer 9. Check back every plates every days for a weeks ( around 10. 00 PM ) 10.Record the data by measure the amount of mold by percentage (%) covered on each pieces of bread. V. Results Over a week and 7 days studies, I saw a slight difference in the amount of mold that grew on every pieces of bread. The bread in the plastic container grew much more than the other samples; even I can barely see the differences between the bread inside the fridge and the freezer. I measured the percent covered by mold on the top side of the bread. Data on % coverage can be seen below. The chart can be seen below in figure 1. Day 1, A=0% B=0% C=0%In the first day, I prepared all the materials and put them on the counter, fridge and freezer. Day 2, A= 0% B=0% C=0% In the second day, I don’t see any difference on the breads either. In this step I believe that it still need more time before the result comes up. Samples B and C become fragile. Day 3, A=4% B=0% C=0% In the third day, the sample A start to show the mold activities, it covered a small area around the corner of the side and start to shrink a little. But there is no difference on the others samples. The samples B accidently cracked because I put something on it. Day 4, A=11% B=0% C=0%In the fourth day, the molds on the sample A keep spreading around the surface, its colour is dark green and produce some bad smell, while the other samples still clean. Day 5, A= 15% B=0% C=0% In the fifth day, I saw a little difference in the mold’s area size but the bread really shrinks, the others two stay the same. In this day I try to not put some water into the samples. Day 6, A=15% B=0% C=0% In the sixth day, I can’t see any difference on all the samples which I came up with a conclusion that the mold really needs water to keep grow in the dry situation like Melbourne. Day 7, A=20% B=0% C=0%In the seventh day, the last day of my study, I found out that the threads of mold keep spreading around the top side o the bread and have a lot more verity of color, such as navy green, dark green and black. In contrast, the other 2 samples showed us that there is no single activity of mold appears but in exchange the bread become so hard and fragile. Figure 1. Percentage of mold coverage on bread VI. Discussion The mold grew a lot more on the bread in the container which stay at the room temperature and there are not even a single mold on the breads that stored inside the fridge and freezer.I think this is because the free water molecules inside become solid in a day and cause the mold growth to stop. In the seventh day the mold was starting to show a lot of different color. There was pale green, dark green and black color showing up at the end. I thi nk if it kept going, the whole piece would be covered in a month. The bread that stays at room temperature is out of my expectation, because it should be mold faster than this. I believe it was caused by the cold temperature these days, as we entering the winter season. It kept the mold from grows as the free water molecules decreased.If the bread that you buy is moist and you keep it inside the plastic bags it will mold. So to prevent it from molding you can store it inside the refrigerator, either fridge or freezer is okay. It is still unclear from this experiment about how to slow down the growth of mold other than froze the bread. The frozen bread as the result of stored it inside the fridge will make lose its softness and it was getting as hard as the pores got dry. It can’t return to its original characteristic anymore. The other way is to dry toast it; it won’t mold more than a week since the progress is the same as the refrigerator.It didn’t look like it could let any more molds to grow. Also, the rate of coverage stopped increasing on the dry bread, so it might be done. VII. Conclusion Mold grows better in a moist environment than it does in a dry environment. The plastic container kept the moisture in and allowed the bread to mold. The temperature is also taking a big part in this experiment which means the lower the temperature, the longer it will stay edible. It seems to be sure that fridge and freezer is one of the best solution to kept the bread stay last longer. VIII. References In a major study of Food Industry (Bee May, 2012), it was found that the Mould is one of the micro organism that cause food poisoning and spoilage. * * Ezine Article. (2005). Bread Mold. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles. com/? Bread-Mold&id=405845 * Abigail’s Bakery. (No Year). Bread Mold Causes. Retrieved from http://www. abigailsbakery. com/bread-recipes/bread-mold-causes. htm * True Visions Microscopes. (2005). Looking at Bread Mold Unde r the Microscopes. Retrieved from http://www. truevisionmicroscopes. com/looking-at-bread-mold-under-the-microscope. html

New Baby

New Baby The day my niece, Hailey, was born was probably the most exciting day of my life. Being nine years old, the youngest of four, and knowing my mom wasn’t going to have any more kids I felt as if I was gaining a sister instead of a niece. I had been continuously asking my mom for a baby sister and the answer I received was always a no. It was a Sunday afternoon when my sister decided to sit the whole family down and make her big announcement. We could all tell she was nervous to say whatever it was she was going to say.The look on her face and the way she was twiddling with fingers let us know that whatever she had to say was going to be a huge deal. It took her a few minutes to finally muster up the courage to get out what she had to say, but when she revealed to our family that she was expecting, I, unlike my parents, was ecstatic! Everyone else just looked at her in disbelief, while I on the other hand looked at her with a giant smile on my face. Immediately, the firs t words that came out of my mouth was, â€Å"Is it a boy or girl?! † hoping she said a girl of course.She looked at me confused, as if she was expecting me to be upset that there was going to be a baby coming into our house to steal my â€Å"baby of the family† shine. That didn’t matter to me though; I just wanted someone to play with and to teach things to. I mean, I had older siblings to play with but the chances of playing dolls or kitchen with my older brothers was usually slim to none. As for my sister, well she’s ten years older than me, so there wasn’t much hope there either. I was already imagining all the stuff we could do.We would play dolls and house together, we’d play in the tree house in the backyard, we’d make forts out of blankets in the living room, there was just so many things that I wanted to play but would end up doing alone. There wasn’t much anyone else said, beside the forced-like â€Å"Congratulations. † My parents didn’t say much at all, they weren’t thrilled at the idea of my sister having a child at eighteen but they also didn’t yell at her because they knew it wasn’t going to change anything. Later that night my mom asked me, â€Å"So what do you think about what your sister told us earlier? â€Å"I’m so excited! † I replied, â€Å"I can’t wait to have someone to play with and do stuff with! † â€Å"You know you’re not going to get as much attention as you get now, right? † She told me. â€Å"We’re not going to be able to buy you very many toys anymore, your sister is going to need all the help she can get. † I have to admit hearing I wasn’t going to get any new toys was somewhat upsetting, but I got over it. All I wanted now was for my niece to arrive! As my sister grew bigger and bigger so did my excitement to finally see my baby niece.Nine months flew right by, and on February 15, 2002 my beautiful niece was born. Unfortunately I wasn’t allowed to go to the hospital when she was born, not only because I was too young but also because it was late at night, but I couldn’t sleep regardless. I was so anxious for my sister to come home with the baby; there was just no way I was going to sleep. I waited in the living room, hoping that someone would walk in through the front door. Finally, I see my parents come in and I run right past them wanting to make sure my sister was walking in with the baby behind them. To my disappointment she wasn’t.I turned around to ask my parents where she was but before I could say anything my mom smiled and said to me, â€Å"You’re sister is still at the hospital with the baby. She named her Hailey Hannah. † â€Å"Hailey Hannah. † I repeated, â€Å"I love it! † After that, my parents sent me off to bed but I still couldn’t sleep. I kept repeating Hailey’s name in my h ead, I even imagined myself telling everyone at school! â€Å"Hi Coach, I have a niece now. Her name is Hailey Hannah! Hey Summer I’m an aunt now, and my niece’s name is Hailey Hannah! Good Morning Mrs. Adams, my sister had a baby and her name is Hailey Hannah! † I loved it!I wanted to let everyone know that I had just become an aunt! I vowed to myself that I would be the best aunt I could be. I would play with her, help her with whatever she needed, look after her, protect her, and anything else I need to do to make her safe and happy. The next day the whole family woke up bright and early to go visit my sister and Hailey at the Hospital. I couldn’t wait! The anticipation was building as we walked into the hospital and walked towards the room where they were also waiting to see us all. As soon as I walked in the door, I saw my sister lying in bed holding my newborn niece.My heart was telling me to run towards them, jump on the bed, and lay there with the m both. My mind told me different. After all I didn’t want to be the first in the family to make her cry! So I kept calm, and walked over to them with the biggest smile that has ever been on my face. As I touched her soft little head she opened her eyes, looked up at me, and slightly smiled. It made me laugh because it made me think that she was just as happy to see me as I was I to see her. Now my Hailey is about to turn ten, and she is definitely my best friend and it really feels as if she’ is my little sister.She has grown so much and so fast that it’s hard to believe how much time has passed. I was there when she took her first bath, took her first steps, got her first haircut, and lost her first tooth. I’ve watched her dance at her dance recitals; I’ve cheered her on at her soccer games, and supported her when she sang with the choir at her elementary school. I’ve learned so much about myself from being with Hailey that I think sheâ₠¬â„¢s the reason why I love being around children so much and that I’ve chosen to major in Education in College. It’s safe to say that becoming an aunt is definitely the greatest event of my life.

Optimality Foraging essays

Optimality Foraging essays This study was undertaken to experimentally test for evidence of optimal foraging in guppies, Poecilia reticulata. Foraging preferences of guppies feeding on brine shrimp were studied to make predictions about optimal diet breadth. First, the profitabilities (Engery intake/ handling times) were determined by testing the handling time of four size classes of guppies foraging on brine shrimp of sizes 2, 4, 6, and 8 mm. The following week, we tested whether guppies of various sizes prefer prey that return the greatest benefit. This was accomplished by arbitrarily placing brine shrimp of different sizes in various tanks with different size guppies. Our results did not support the optimal diet breadth theory. All species must obtain some sort of nutrition in order to survive and reproduce. To do this, many animals must forage for their own food. Therefore, the energy used to forage could be energy used for other activities, such as mating. Thus, a logical hypothesis has been made that animals will optimize the benefits of obtaining food to survive, yet minimize the energy used to obtain said food. This is the optimal foraging idea. In this experiment, we looked at guppies and see if they favored efficient foraging behaviors according to optimality models. Using optimality models helps predict if an animals behavior has in fact been shaped by natural selection to maximize benefits to costs. Our hypothesis of this experiment was that guppies will favor efficient foraging behaviors. Thus our HA is that the guppies will choose the prey that will give them the highest net energy gain (cal/handling time). The HO is therefore that foraging in guppies occurs due to chance. The reasoning behind this is that if given sufficient prey choices, animals will be selected to choose to maximize the benefits to costs ratio. If the animal is making decisions about the environment, and if food giving a high rate ...

Using the Spanish Preposition De

Using the Spanish Preposition De De is one of the most common prepositions in Spanish. Although it usually is translated as of and sometimes as from, its use is far more versatile than the translation might suggest. In fact, in certain contexts, de can be translated not only as of or from, but as with, by, or in, among other words, or not translated at all. One reason de is used more often than its equivalents in English is because the rules of English grammar let us use all sorts of nouns and phrases as adjectives. In that way, Spanish isnt quite so flexible. While in English we may say, a nine-year-old girl, in Spanish that becomes una muchacha de nueve aà ±os or, literally, a girl of nine years. Similarly, in English, we may say something like a silver ring, using what is normally a noun, silver, as an adjective. But in Spanish we have to say un anillo de plata, or a ring of silver. De also is used in Spanish to indicate possession. We may talk about Johns shoe in English, but in Spanish its el zapato de Juan, or the shoe of John. Following are some of the most common uses of de: Using De for Possession Possession or belonging, either physical or figurative, as indicated by s in English is almost always translated using de followed by the possessor in Spanish: el carro de Matilda (Matildas car)la clase del Sr. Gà ³mez (Mr. Gomezs class)las esperanzas del pueblo (the peoples hopes) ¿De quià ©n es este lpiz? (Whose pencil is this?) Using De for Causation Following an adjective, de can be used to indicate a cause. Estoy feliz de nuestra amistad. (I am happy with our friendship. The word following de indicates t he reason for happiness.)Est cansada de jugar. (She is tired of playing.) Using De To Indicate Origin Often translated as from, de can be used to indicate the origin of a person or thing. She same construction is used to state that a person is a member of a group. Soy de Arkansas. (Im from Arkansas.)Mi madre es de la India. (My mother is from India.)Es la chica ms inteligente de la clase. (She is the most intelligent girl in the class.) Using De With Characteristics When an object or person has characteristics (including contents or what something is made of) that are stated as a noun or infinitive, de is often used to show the relationship. It generally is not possible in Spanish, as it is in English, to use nouns as adjectives. corazà ³n de oro (heart of gold.)el tranvà ­a de Boston (the Boston streetcar)una casa de huà ©spedes (a guesthouse)una cancià ³n de tres minutos (a three-minute song)una casa de $100,000 (a $100,000 house)una taza de leche (a cup of milk)la mesa de escribir (the writing table)una casa de ladrillo (a brick house)jugo de manzana (apple juice)una mquina de escribir, (a typewriter, literally a writing machine) Using De in Comparisons In some comparisons, de is used where we would use than in English. Tengo menos de cien libros. (I have fewer than 100 books.)Gasta ms dinero de lo que gana. (He spends more money than he earns.) Idioms Using De De is used in many common idiomatic phrases, many of which function as adverbs. de antemano (previously)de cuando en cuando (from time to time)de memoria (by memory)de moda (in style)de nuevo (again)de pronto (immediately)de prisa (hurriedly)de repente, (suddenly)de todas formas (in any case)de veras (truly)de vez en cuando (from time to time) Verbal Expressions Requiring De Many verbs are followed by de and often an infinitive to form expressions. There is no logic to which verbs are followed by de. The verbs need either to be memorized or learned as you come across them. Acabo de salir. (I have just left)Nunca cesa de comer. He never stops eating.Tratarà © de estudiar. (I will try to study.)Me alegro de ganar. (I am happy to win.)Se olvidà ³ de estudiar. (He forgot to study.)Romeo se enamorà ³ de Julieta. (Romeo fell in love with Juliet.) You will also occasionally see other uses of de, although those above are the most common. There are also many expressions and verb combinations using de that were not listed above. Keep in mind also that when de is followed by the article el, meaning the, they form the contraction del. Thus los rboles del bosque is the equivalent of saying los rboles de el bosque (the trees of the forest). But no contraction is used for de à ©l, which means his.

Mango's Business Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Mango's Business Model - Essay Example Mango has developed unique advantages in terms of product and related design processes, quality, production, logistics, and HR policies as well as in the implementation in the state of the art technology. Product Through the process of subcontracting their product designs and the related prototypes, the company itself maintains the entire process of designing the product to making the product available to the end consumers. The entire chain of production has been subcontracted to various markets across the globe like China, Morocco and even to the markets in Turkey. By the process of outsourcing their designs, the company has developed the unique advantage to promote four collections in the markets on an annual manner. Quality In an attempt to maintain the standard of quality for the products, which are manufactured by following an outsourcing model distributed throughout the globe, consistent quality checks are carried out at various points of the distribution channel, ranging from the factory premises to the store premises. This provides the advantage of supplying quality materials to the consumers. Design The brand Mango focuses on providing their clothing line to the end consumers under the most perfect in store conditions with the same level of convenience offered to consumers all over the world. Design is considered as a highly critical factor in case of the brand Mango, for luring in customers to the store. As a matter of fact, in order to maintain the same kind of store image, Mango maintains an entire team of window dressers, coordinators, and supervisors whose main job is to offer the similar kind of in store feeling to consumers all over the world by offering them with the same kind of in store design and related accessories. Culture Mango being an international company has a highly integrated product line, which is manufactured by outsourcing them to other companies. Though Mango follows the outsourcing model, yet the collections are made as prototy pes at the company and then outsourced for mass manufacturing, while following a centralized hierarchy. But in order to make their production lines for their collections appeal to the customers all over the world, the collections are designed keeping in sync with the cultural tastes that are prevalent in various parts of the world like the countries in the Middle East. This provides the advantage of being able to cater to the diversified cultural tastes for Mango’s clothing line for the young target audience, prevalent in various parts of the globe that prefer to be attired in a different clothing line altogether, yet at a consumer friendly price. Production Mango follows an outsourcing model, as described earlier for the production of its clothing line. In every season, an entire range of new suppliers are detected to match the technical requirements as well as the surge in production. In an effort to maintain long term relationships with the suppliers, a system of collabora tion is followed and maintained by the brand like indulging in constant dialogue and